Case study on waterlogging and salinity problems in pakistan. Report a for waterlogging and soil salinity conditions. King island natural resource management group promotes coordinated and integrated management of natural resources which will contribute to the economic and environmental sustainability of king island. District horticulturist, nsw dpi griffith nerida donovan. The result is not only reduced farm productivity but also. Waterlogging and salinity the downward mov ement of residue irrigation water below the root zone is restricted by a barrier. These categories also appear on the specific tolerance curves for various crop groups shown. Salinity reduced ear number but a small increase was found in combine saline. A survey of the combined effects of waterlogging and salinity on fruit yield in the date palm groves of the wargla basin, algeria article pdf available in fruits 66. When the conditions are so created that the crop rootzone gets deprived of proper aeration due to the presence of excessive moisture or. Mohenjo daro, water logging and salinity, remote sensing, ec, ph. Waterlogging can be stagnation of water on top of the soil surface and or the presence of a shallow water table inside the soil at a depth of say less than 0. The combined effect of waterlogging and salinization are more harmful to crop yields than the individual effect of waterlogging and salinity zheng et al. Salinity affects regions in all parts of australia but particularly western australia, south australia and in the murraydarling basin.
Waterlogging stress, daylight length and temperature showed significant effects. Please have a look at these links and pdf attachment. Managing salinity and waterlogging in the indus basin of. International irrigation management institute iimi. Some studies utilized the presently used legends but others based on ground truth and some spectral characteristics also presented 23 severity classes. Studies on the combined effects of salinity and waterlogging on woody species are. The combined effect of waterlogging and increased soil salinity is devastating for most plants. The results reveal that the installed drainage systems were initially successful in lowering groundwater table and reducing salinity in affected areas. Water and salinity balances for irrigated agriculture in. Trees for controlling dryland salinity and waterlogging. Harmful effects of waterlogging and salinity are caused by unthoughtful planning of irrigation system. Waterlogging the soil whose surface layers are saturated with water is called as waterlogged soil. Managing salinity and waterlogging in the indus basin of pakistan article pdf available in agricultural water management 951. One way to minimise the effects of salt and anaerobic stress on plant growth and yield is.
Salinity australias rivers and landscapes are under threat to rising salinity. Salinity tolerance was assessed by combining scores for leaf. Dryland and irrigation salinity result from a groundwater problem. Impact of water logging and salinity on agricultureand. Impacts and management of flooding and waterlogging in.
From a gardening point of view, waterlogging is the process whereby the soil blocks off all. Introduction waterlogging and salinity reduce plant growth. Soil salinity control relates to controlling the problem of soil salinity and reclaiming salinized agricultural land the aim of soil salinity control is to prevent soil degradation by salination and reclaim already salty saline soils. Barrettlennard 2002 and mcfarlane and williamson 2002 reported that the combination of waterlogging and salinity has a significantly higher impact on plant growth than either one. The difference is that salts do not accumulate at the soil surface, either because groundwater is of very low salinity less than 6 dsm or it flows out of the soil ie from a small spring,flushing the salts away.
Biodrainage for management of waterlogging and soil salinity icid. Raine university of southern queensland crc for irrigation futures crc for irrigation futures irrigation matters series no. Salinity control and reclamation project scarp was launched in the area that proved effective but still there is a need to upgrade the existing project to reclaim important agricultural land. Irrigation performance and waterlogging and salinity. Water logging and salinity together shall have adverse effect on plant growth and crop yields. Jun 22, 2015 a salinity survey conducted in 200103 by the soil and reclamation directorate of the water and power development authority wapda showed that 27% of the area was salt affected. The government of sindh has recently banned rice cultivation in command areas of the canals on the left bank of the indus to control waterlogging and salinity. This data set of crop yield and soil salinity needs an analysis by a segmented regression software model to determine the response and salt tolerance or resistance of the potato crop. Background when we measure the salinity of water, we look at how much dissolved salt is in the water. Finally, some specific suggestions are made on the coverage of irrigation induced waterlogging and salination in. Mitigation of water logging and salinity through biodrainage.
Waterlogging can be stagnation of water on top of the soil surface andor the presence of a shallow water table inside the soil at a depth of say less than 0. Pdf assessment of water logging and salinity in punjab. Soil salinity control relates to controlling the problem of soil salinity and reclaiming salinized agricultural land. The effect of combined salinity and waterlogging on the. Jan 12, 2017 made while preparing for seminar presentation thanks for watching.
Read this article to learn about the definition, causes, effects, detection, solution and extent of waterlogging. Introduction this progress report on the project managing irrigation systems to minimize waterlogging and salinity problems covers the half yearly period ending december 31, 1992. During the report period fielc research activities at the established research. Waterlogging, salinity threaten farmlands along the indus. Pdf delineation of water logging and salinity for salvaging built.
Water and salinity balances for irrigated agriculture in pakistan. Issn 00988472 full text not available from this repository. Report a for waterlogging and soil salinity conditions using. Measures taken to overcome these problems over the last four decades are also discussed. When only inundation canals were used, water for crops was only available during the summer season. Conditions this season could result in significant yield losses of up to 25 per cent in affected paddocks. Agricultural productivity declines and native vegetation can be destroyed. The ocean has a salinity that is approximately 35 ppt, which is the same as saying ocean water is 3. This research includes application of this model in elsalhia, egypt to estimate maximum profits according combined effect of waterlogging and salinity on the crops yield. Select a crop that fits the conditions in your field. As discussed earlier, waterlogging, moisture stress and salinity are common adverse environmental factors affecting crop growth which are considered as primary factors determining the geographic distribution of food crops and restriction of crop yields in agriculture gregory 2006.
A balance was maintained between the precipitation and evapotranspiration that kept the watertable low. A salinity survey conducted in 200103 by the soil and reclamation directorate of the water and power development authority wapda showed that 27% of the area was salt affected. Department of agriculture and food, western australia, water and rivers commission, and state salinity council. Pdf waterlogging tolerance is one of the major objectives in barley hordeum vulgare l. Pdf water logging and salinity are major forms of land degradation in southwestern.
A methodology for identijication of waterlogging and soil salinity conditions using remote sensing it was not possible to arrive at a common legend. From a gardening point of view, waterlogging is the process whereby the soil blocks off all water and is so hard it stops air getting in and it stops oxygen from getting in. Trees for controlling dryland salinity and waterlogging waterlogging waterlogging is caused by the same processes as dryland salinity. Variable tolerance of wetland tree species to combined. In this approach, observation points or areas are selected based on a preliminary interpretation,of the satellite images. To study the impact of water logging and salinity in haryana villagesand urban areas, geospatial technology has been used. The interaction between waterlogging and salinity in. The combined effect of waterlogging and salinity on crops yield.
The interaction between waterlogging and salinity in higher. King island natural resource management group promotes coordinated and integrated management of natural resources which will contribute to the economic and environmental sustainability of. When the conditions are so created that the crop rootzone gets deprived of proper aeration due to the presence of excessive moisture or water content, the tract is said to be waterlogged. However economic efficiency of the water system is very low, due to excessive water losses, low irrigation efficiency, inadequate drainage, fragmented land holdings, waterlogging and. Combining them with traditional as well as frontier techniques to achieve. Dr george said about one million hectares of arable land in the grainbelt was vulnerable to increased salinity, waterlogging or both after a wet summer.
Water logging and salinity are two of the outcomes of canal irrigation in pakistan. The harm done by this type of waterlogging and salination is briefly discussed as well as the available remedial measures. Guidelines for those considering drainage for waterlogging and salinity management. Waterlogging the soil whose surface layers are saturated with water is called as. With rising salinity, we face the loss of both aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity. Here, the soil salinity is expressed in terms of electric conductivity ec of an extract e from a saturated soil paste ece.
Increasing waterlogging and salinity are just the symptoms resulting from a hydrological imbalance that may be occurring at a catchment scale or in a localised area. Pakistan possesses the biggest single gravity flow irrigation network in the world capable of handling over 100 million acreft 40 million ha0. The rise of water table to the surface level is called water logging and the appearance of salty patches is called salinity. The combined effect of waterlogging and salinity on crops. Irrigation plays a crucial role in improving agricultural productivity, it has resulted in waterlogging and salinity problems in pakistan due to both water seepage from canals and overdoses of water encouraged by inappropriate water pricing. This leads to accumulation and rise of saline water that reduces productiv ity.
The area planted with trees as a percentage of the catchment. Pdf a survey of the combined effects of waterlogging and. The phenomenon of rising of water table is known as waterlogging 3. Delineation of water logging and salinity for salvaging. Time series data liss iii has been used to study the aerial extent of water logging and salinity affected area and problems of water logging and salinity thereofin the villages of rohtak and jhajjar districts part. The country is losing its soil to waterlogging and salinity. Home smart library how to prevent and manage soil salinity.
Studies on the variability and combining ability of. The issue was highlighted last week when the agriculture minister told the. Soil reclamation is also called soil improvement, rehabilitation, remediation, recuperation, or amelioration. Surface waterlogging can be seen as a flood control problem or a surface drainage problem.
Pdf managing salinity and waterlogging in the indus. This paper describes the processes by which irrigation development may induce waterlogging and salination of land. Understanding the physiology of combined salinity and. Assessment of water logging and salinity problems in. The aim of soil salinity control is to prevent soil degradation by salination and reclaim already salty saline soils. The first observation wells to monitor the effect of irrigation on the groundwater table depth were installed as early as in 1870. Pdf combining ability of waterlogging tolerance in barley. Water logging, salinity, village adina, rice, scarp. In irrigated agricultural land, waterlogging is often accompanied by soil salinity as waterlogged soils prevent leaching of the salts imported by the irrigation water. Waterlogged soil provides excellent breeding grounds for misquitoes, and cause malaria. Pdf managing salinity and waterlogging in the indus basin. Plant pathologist, nsw dpi camden the recent heavy rainfall and flooding events in. Joint completion report on idnp resultat1 a methodology for identification of waterlogging and soil salinity conditions using remote sensing i.
A balance was maintained between the precipitation and evapotranspiration. Faqs, frequently asked questions on waterlogging, salinity. Pdf an overview of waterlogging and salinity in southwestern. There are various practices that you can apply, in order to prevent soil salinity or manage salinity problems once they already occur. Quantitative trait loci for salinity tolerance identified under drained. Assessment of water logging and salinity in punjab. Finally, some specific suggestions are made on the coverage of irrigation induced waterlogging and salination. Waterlogging and salinization arise in arid areas largely because two essential resources, irrigation water and the. These two stresses are often interrelated, as waterlogging can lead to.
There are four factors that can be manipulated when designing revegetation systems for controlling dryland salinity. Waterlogging reduces the available air in the soil and has a profound effect on plant growth. Individual and combined effect of waterlogging and salinity on crop. In districts where waterlogging is caused by a high watertable, management strategies aimed at controlling the level of the watertable will be required, and these are outlined in section 7. Industry leader citrus, nsw dpi ourimbah pat barkley. Assessment of water logging and salinity problems in south.
These two stresses are often interrelated, as waterlogging can lead to salinization by transporting the salts to the surface. Harmful effects of water logging and salinity civil. Review of wheat improvement for waterlogging tolerance in. The threat of waterlogging and soil salinity in the indus basin was recognized soon after the introduction of large scale irrigation systems. Managing salinity and waterlogging in the indus basin of pakistan. Summary over the past hundred years, vast areas worldwide have been used for intensive agriculture following clearance by removal of deep rooted tree vegetation or by introducing irrigation in arid zones. Waterlogging and salinity problems in egyptan overview,iwasri, wapda. The annual irrigated area from the water of the rivers amu darya and syr darya in the aral sea basin has increased from 2. Management of salinity and waterlogging through engineering strategies. It is mainly the outcome of canal irrigation in pakistan. Unchecked waterlogging and salinity newspaper dawn.
What are the combine effects of salinity and water logging on soil. Why waterlogging and salinity of soils causes problems to farmers. Also, an estimated 18% of the area under regular irrigation appears to be affected by water logging and salinization in vis. With respect to water logging and salinity, there are following harmful effects. Waterlogging and salinity risk warning for grainbelt.